Anna Hazare appearing on a TV reality show said that in India there are two kinds of people. One who wonder kya khaun (thereby meaning that they have very little to eat and are going under-nourished or hungry) and those who wonder kya kya khaun (meaning that they have so much money that they are unable to choose what to eat out of what is available.
He correctly focused on the wide disparity that there is between the rich and the poor. His campaign against corruption is motivated by this disparity and he believes that the money which goes out of the system by way of corruption, if harnessed, the problems of the poor can be addressed better. There is no doubt that corruption is a major problem but I do not think we have thought out properly a strategy for alleviating poverty and providing proper food for the poorest of the poor. Many of the people flocking in support of Anna Hazare are out of the Kya Kya Khaun lot, especially in the urban areas. Support for the anti corruption campaign is always welcome but Team Anna should start spelling out its vision on the economic problems faced by the country. Merely by reducing corruption, the present economic system will function more efficiently which means disparities will continue to grow. A previous finance inister said when the tide rises all boats rise. He meant if the economy improves everybody will benefit. This has not happened. Last twenty years have shown that macro figures have improved in terms of GDP, BOP but the problems of the poor have not shown corresponding improvement. If the present economic strategy continues the unemployed would be left in the kya khaun bracket. In fact some measures like NEREGA has given money directly to the poor. The present mood is that Parliament has ceased to represent the problems of the masses. It is being said that the electoral system is such that we will always get the same kind of representation. This may or may not be true but if the present system is unsatisfactory, we will have to present an alternative model. Doing away with politicians means doing away with democracy in which case we will be entering a dangerous area. The present electoral system has become loaded in favour of the rich and in favour of those with muscle power which includes people with a criminal record. This needs immediate correction if parliamentary democracy is to survive in a healthy manner. There is a proposal for state funding of elections to avoid black money. mThere was a demand to increase the low limit imposed by the Election Commission on the expenditure each candidate can incur. The Election Commission increased the limit to 16 lakhs for each assembly election candidate. The average expenditure that the elected MLAs have shown is not more than 8-9 lakhs while it is common knowledge that expenditure incurred is many times that. This shows that the scourge of black money in elections will not go easily. Parties will take state funded money and yet spend black money. Why waste government money by state funding if that is the case. A public debate on better electoral practices is required. - From KAMAL M MURARKA'S BLOG.
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Corruption in the Indian society has prevailed from time immemorial in one form or the other. The basic inception of corruption started with our opportunistic leaders who have already done greater damage to our nation. People who work on right principles are unrecognized and considered to be foolish in the modern society. Corruption in India is a result of the connection between bureaucrats, politicians and criminals. Earlier, bribes were paid for getting wrong things done, but now bribe is paid for getting right things done at right time. Further, corruption has become something respectable in India, because respectable people are involved in it. Social corruption like less weighing of products, adulteration in edible items, and bribery of various kind have incessantly prevailed in the society.
In today’s scenario, if a person wants a government job he has to pay lakhs of rupees to the higher officials irrespective of satisfying all the eligibility criteria. In every office one has either to give money to the employee concerned or arrange for some sources to get work done. There is adulteration and duplicate weighing of products in food and civil supplies department by unscrupulous workers who cheat the consumers by playing with the health and lives of the people. In the assessment of property tax the officers charge money even if the house is built properly according to the Government rules and regulations.
Political corruption is worst in India. The major cause of concern is that corruption is weakening the political body and damaging the supreme importance of the law governing the society. Nowadays politics is only for criminals and criminals are meant to be in politics. Elections in many parts of the country have become associated with a host of criminal activities. Threatening voters to vote for a particular candidate or physically prevent voters from going in to the polling booth – especially weaker sections of the society like tribals, dalits and rural woman occurs frequently in several parts of the country. Recently, the Government increased the salary of the M.P.’s from Rs.16, 000 to Rs.50, 000, that is 300% increase to the existing salary. But many of them are unhappy with rise and want the Government to increase the salary to a much more extent. This clearly shows how the politicians are in constant thirst for monetary benefits and not caring about the welfare of the people. Tax evasion is one of the most popular forms of corruption. It is mostly practiced by Government officials and politicians who lead to the accumulation of black money which in turn spoils the moral of the people.
Major Factors Responsible For Corruption:
- The most important factor is the nature of the human being. People in general, have a great thirst for luxuries and comforts and as a result of which they get themselves involved in all unscrupulous activities that result in monetary or material benefits.
- Moral and spiritual values are not given utmost importance in educational system, which is highly responsible for the deterioration of the society.
- The salary paid to employees is very less and as a result of which they are forced to earn money by illegal ways.
- The punishments imposed on the criminals are inadequate.
- The political leaders have spoiled the society completely. They lead a luxurious life and do not even care about the society.
- People of India are not awakened and enlightened. They fear to raise their voice against anti-social elements prevailing in the society.
Measures To Control Corruption:
There are some specific measures to control increasing corruption.
- The Right to Information Act (RTI) gives one all the required information about the Government, such as what the Government is doing with our tax payments. Under this act, one has the right to ask the Government on any problem which one faces. There is a Public Information Officer (PIO) appointed in every Government department, who is responsible for collecting information wanted by the citizens and providing them with the relevant information on payment of a nominal fee to the PIO. If the PIO refuses to accept the application or if the applicant does not receive the required information on time then the applicant can make a complaint to the respective information commission, which has the power to impose a penalty up to Rs.25, 000 on the errant PIO.
- Another potent check on corruption is Central Vigilance Commission (CVC). It was setup by the Government to advise and guide Central Government agencies in the areas of vigilance. If there are any cases of corruption or any complaints thereof, then that can be reported to the CVC. CVC also shoulders the responsibility of creating more awareness among people regarding the consequences of giving and taking of bribes and corruption.
- Establishment of special courts for speedy justice can be a huge positive aspect. Much time should not elapse between the registration of a case and the delivery of judgment.
- Strong and stringent laws need to be enacted which gives no room for the guilty to escape.
- In many cases, the employees opt for corrupt means out of compulsion and not by choice. Some people are of the opinion that the wages paid are insufficient to feed their families. If they are paid better, they would not be forced to accept bribe.
The one thing that needs to be ensured is proper, impartial, and unbiased use of various anti-social regulations to take strong, deterrent, and timely legal action against the offenders, irrespective of their political influences or money power. Firm and strong steps are needed to curb the menace and an atmosphere has to created where the good, patriotic, intellectuals come forward to serve the country with pride, virtue, and honesty for the welfare of the people of India.
